Machine for making twisted brushes



Sept 22, 931- H. HERTZBERG MACHINE FOR MAKING TWISTED BRUSHESy 2Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 28, 1930 0K5@ INVENTOR I WWW- ATTORN EY Sept.22, 1931. H. HERTZBERG I MACHINE FOR MAKING TWISTED BRUSHES Filed April28' 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTORNE Y Patented Sept. 22, 1931 PATENTOFFICE Y I HARRY `I'IERLUZBLERG, OF BROKLYN,NEW YORK `MACHINE FOR MAKINGTWISTED BRUSHES Application filed April 28, 1930.. Serial No. 447,912.`

ribis invention relates to machines for making brushes of thecylindrical type in which bristles or the like yare yheld intertwistedbetween strands olf-wire.

1t is the object of the present invention to provide machines of thistype with novel means which reduce human labor.

It is a turtherobject of the present invention to' provide novel meanswhich make it possible Jfor unskilledlabortoproduce cylindrical. twistedbrushes of better and more uniform quality thanl could beprodncedihere-4tofore by highly skilledla-bor.

1t is another object of thisr invention to provide `means which increasethe'numberjof brushes produced per unit of time,

lilith these and other Aobjects in Vview the invention consists incertain novel combinations oi" elements .and arrangements of parts whichwill become clearer as the description progresses and will be finallypointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings which vform a Vmaterial part of this disclosure: Fig.lis a front ele,

vation of an 4electric motor A"driven Imachine embodying the inventionshowing wires holding` mop materia] ready `for twisting.

Fig. 2 is a top plan vo Fig. 1. y

Fig. 3 shows the essential `parts of Fig. 2

in their position when 4the twisting operation is completed. n l

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is part of a plan of themachine similar to Fig. 3 at the beginning of the operation before thestem wires Vare stretched when brush material is .inserted between them.f

Fi 6 is aparti'al plan of a belt'driven machi ne embodying my invention.

Fig. '7 is a front elevation of Fig. 6.

8 is an end elevation of Fig7,

Fig. 9 is a detail elevationon line 9-'9 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a detail elevation Fig. 12 is the same elevation asFig.`10'

Online 1'0-10V of Fig. 6 showing the position of the startshowing theposition of the starting mechamsm during the twisting operation. fReferring to Figs. l, 2 and 4 of the drawings, the machineconsists ofatable-like top provided with suitable legs 20a. On top l2O arearrangedtwo parallel guides 21 Storming a bed on which a carriage 22 is slidablymounted. Centrally between guides 21 at theleft end of frame 20 algrooved pulley 23 is rotatably held by a forked braclret-23a on top 20.A wire rope has one end fastened to a lug 22a of carriage 22 and extendsover pulleyv 23 yand downwardly therefrom. The', lower end of rope 25carries a' heavy weight 24 which tendsto pull carriage 22 towards theleft end of bed 21.` On the 'top face of carriage'22 a vise 30 is somounted that its jaw-opening is longitudinally in the central verticalAplane of the machine and preferably in alinementwith rope 25.V The rearside of carriage 22 hastw'o vtubular brackets 26 in which sliding barl27 is vadjustably mounted parallel toguide's 2l and can be clamped tocarriage 22 in selected longitudinal positions by means of screws 26a'."f

On bar 2areslidably mounted two gauge fingers 28which can`be clampedthereto in selected Apositions by means of screws 28a. Near the rightend of 'bar 27V a stop finger 29 is slidably mounted thereon and may beclampedthereto in selected position by means of a screw 29a. Top plate20 carries in front of and parallel to carriage 22 a rack. 31 which hasratchet teeth inclined .towards the Aleft side. A bracket 32 on thefront side of carriage 22 holds mounted on a pivot pin 32a a pawl 33which is adapted to engage the teeth of rack 31. A horizontal balancebar 34 fastenedin its middle portion to pin 32a carries on its fleft'arma slidable weight 35 which may be clamped thereto in selected positionand which tends to press the front Vend of, pawl 33 into engagement withthe teeth of rack 31 and hol s carriage 22 against movement towards theleft side of the machine by the .pull of weight 24 on rope 25:

Near the right end ofthe machine an electric motor 40 is lso mounted ontop 2O thatV the motor shaft l41 has its axis in the central pla-ne ofthe machine, which passes also eoI sii-

between the jaws of vise 30. On the motor shaft at its working end is achuck 42 and clamped therein a strong hook 43. Below the top 20 andbetween legs 20a (see Fig. 4) a main motor switch 44 is so mounted thatit may be closed by depression of a pedal 45 and opened by tensionspring 46. Near the rear right hand corner of top 20 a limit switch 50is mounted and connected in series with the main motor switch 40 (seeFigs. 3 and 4). The operating arm of switch lever 50a is arranged to liein the path of stop finger 29 to be operated thereby for breaking themotor circuit while the main switch 50 is closed.

The operation of this machine to manufacture cylindrical twisted brushesis as follows:

The operator has at his disposal a plurality of stem wires 100 bent uponthemselves in their middle portion hairpin like and of correct lengthfor the brush to be made. I-Ie has also at his disposal bunches of brushmaterial previously divided to be of equal and correct weight for thebrush to be made. Assuming that the carriage 22 and vise 30 are in theposit-ion of Fig. 5., he places the looped portion of the wires on hook43 and clamps their tree ends a fixed distance between the jaws of vise30. This distance is preferablyl indicated by a gauge line a on the jawsof vise 30. The wires are cut to be longer than the distance betweenhook 43 and vise 30 they will be loose and bent as shown in Fig. 5.

A bunch of brush material is now inserted transversely into the spacebetween wires 100 and between the two pre-set gauge fingers 28.

The operator now presses upon the right arm of lever 34 (see Fig. 1)thereby releasing pawl 33 from rack 31 whereupon the carriage 22 ispulled towards the left by weight 24 and wires 100 are stretched to beparallel to and slightly spaced from each other clamping the brushmaterial between them, as shownin Fig. 1.

The brush material is then adjusted to eX- tend exactly from one gaugefinger 28 to the other. The machine is then in the position illustratedin Fig. 2 and the twisting operation can begin.

It should be noted 'that twisting of the wires 100 reduces their wholelength proportionally according to the number of turns given the wiresand `one turn more or less makes a noticeablek difference in the lengthof brush. It should also be noted that at the high speed of twisting,particularly by motor driven machines of the type shown, generally 600R. P. M., considerable attention and a. sharp eye are required of theoperator to promptly stop the twisting operation forY obtaining brushesof equal length although or this purpose a third gauge finger washereotofore provided at the normal right end of the brush to be made asindicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3 by 102.

For twisting the brush the operator steps on pedal 45, which closesswitch 44 and as switch 50 remains closed starts motor 40 andtwisting-spindle 41 which twists the wires 100 about each other and thebrush material. As the length of the wires is reduced by the twistingoperation the carriage 22 is gradually pulled towards the right againstweight 24. The stop finger 29 being fastened to carriage 22 moves withthe same and approaches towards switch lever 50a, which lies in its pathand it is so set that it opens this switch lever and thereby stops motor40 at the instant when thebrush 101 has attained its correct length.

The brush can now be removed from the machine by opening the jaws ofvice 30 and slipping the ring which has been formed by the twistingoperation from hook 43. The pawl 33 which has moved with carriage 22being pressed into rack 31 prevents the carriage from moving backwardwhen vise 30 is opened and as the carriage 22 at the end of theoperation is in the position shown in Figs.r3 and 5 a new operation maybe begun immediately. In machines of the old type no means are providedto hold the carriage at any place and at the start of the operation theoperator must pull the carriage into position and lift weight 24 forclamping wires 100 into vise 30 which requires time and strength.

Brushes produced by this improved machine have exactly the same numberof twisted turns and are of equal length as long as the setting and wirethickness are not altered. As the free length of the wires 100 betweenvise 30 and hook 43 is equal and the distance traveled by the carriageis fixed and proportional to the number of twisting turns, all brushesmust have an equal number of turns. This equality in the number of turnsassures equal density of all brushes while in brushes made by the oldtype of machines in which the travel of the carriage is stopped bytheoperator the brush material is denser when the brush is shorter thannormal, and looser when the brush is longer than normal.

It is thought that it will also be clear from the foregoing descriptionthat unskilled labor can produce brushes on this machine faster thanskilled labor previously could produce them. In fact previously onlyskilled men should do this work by reav son of constantly lifting theweight 24 while now unskilled women can do it and produce more andbetter brushes.-

In Figs. 6 to 10 I have shown the application of the present inventionto a belt driven machine without the use of electricity. All. parts notshown in these figures and their op- @rations are the same as in Figs. 1to 5.

Twisting spindle 41 which holds chuck 42 67 clockwise, whereby frictionclutch 64 Vis and twisting hook 43 is mounted in bearings 6() and 60a. Apulley 61 driven by belt 62 and the cone 63 for a friction clutch 64 arel-oosely mounted on spindle 41. Friction clutch 64 is slidably mountedon spindle 41 but held in rotary engagement therewith by a feather key64a and adapted to engage cone 63. rtransversely to spindle 41 below thesame a shaft 65 is mounted in bearings 66 and 66a. On shaft 65 is fixeda forked lever 67 provided with transverse pins 67a near the end of thefork, which pins engage an annular groove in the hub of clutch 64 toshift it on spindle 41 into engagement with cone 63 by an angularmovement of shaft 65. Near the rear bearing 66a lever 68 is fixed onshaft 65. rThis lever has two arms of which the right one 68a is pulleddownward by tension spring 69 which turns the left arm 68?) clockwiseand upward. Adjacent to lever 68 another two armed lever 70 is looselymounted on shaft 65 which also has its right arm 70a pulled down by aten sion spring 71 and its left arm 7Gb connected by a rod 72 to pedal45. The hub of lever 70 has a horizontal pin-like projection '70o whichis capable of angular movement within a segmental notch 680 in the hubof lever 68. Parallel to shaft 65 a pivot pin 7 is suitably mountedwhich carries a hooked pawl 73 rotatably thereon. This pawl tends tomove clockwise through an arc limited by stoppin 74 and which is adaptedto en* gage and hold arm 68?). A tail extension 7 3a of this pawl liesin the path of stop iinger 29 which in this case is provided withy anadjusting screwQQb. This driving tripping device operatesas follows Tostart the twisting operation the operator presses pedal 45 which turnslever 70, counter-clockwise and projection 700 on this lever withinsegmental notch 680 until the position shown in F ig. 10 is reached andlever 68 is engaged and also turns countcrclockwise with shaft 65 towhich it is fixed. Pawl 73 is then lifted by arm 68h as shown in Fig. 11and simultaneously fork 67 pushes clutch 64 into engagement with cone 63which starts the twisting operation. Ey

further downward movement of pedal 45-V and lever 70 pawl 73 falls intothe position shown in Figs. 9 and 12, locks lever 68 against the pull ofspring 69 and holds shaft 65 and clutch 64 tightly pressed against cone63. Upon the release of pedal 45 spring 71 returns lever 70 with pin'700 to its initial position but clutch 64 remains in engagement withcone 63 and the twisting operation continues until screw 29?) on stoplinger 29 presses against the tail extension .3a of pawl 73, turns thispawl counterclockwise and releases its engagement with arm 685. Spring69 becomes active hereby and turns lever 68 with shaft 65 and forkreleased from cone 63 and the rotation of twisting spindle 41 isstopped.

The result thus obtained by mechanical means is exactly the same asbefore described by cutting the current of the electric motor 40 bymeans of the limit switch 50. It is also quite evident that the frictionclutch 64 can be replaced by a magnetic clutch the current of which `maybe controlled in the same manner as the current for motor 40.

vWhile I have thus described a preferred and a modified form of myinvention it shall be understood that such other modifications may bemade in the arrangement of parts and in the construction as come within'the scope of the appended claims.

That I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. in a machine for making twisted brushes a bed, a carriage movablelongitudinally of said bed, a twisting spindle near one end of said bed,wire-holding means at one end of said spindle and other wire-holdingmeans fixed to said carriage, said wire holding means being in axialalinement with ,each other and with said spindle, said carriagebeingadapted to approach said spindle when a pair of wires held by saidholding means areptwisted about each other by the rotation of saidspindle, electric means controlled by the operator to start rotation ofsaid spindle and other electric means actuated by said carriage to stopsaid rotation independently of the operator whenthe carriage hastravelled a predetermined distance.

Ina machine for making twisted brushes having a twisting spindle and acarriage movable towards and away from said spindle, wire holding meanson said spindle and on said carriage, means to rotate said spindle fortwisting wires between said carriage and saidY spindle, said carriagebeing drawn towards said spindle by the twisting operation, brushmaterialV interposed between said wires, a tripping device operated bysaid carriage for stopping the rotation of said spindle instantly, andan adjustable gauge movable with said carriage to indicate the positionof the brush material relative to the ends of said.V

wires 3. In amachine for making twisted brushes in combination, bed, acarriage movable longitudinally of said bed, an electric motor at oneend of said bed, wire holding means at one end of the motor axis andother wire holdingineans on said carriage for twisting wirestherebetween, a motor-starting switch controlled by the operator and alimit switch adapted to stop said motor afer a predetermined number oftwisting turns.

4. ln a machine for making twisted brushes in combination, a bed, a wiresupport movable longitudinally of said bed, a twisting spindle at oneend of said bed, electromagnetic means for rotating said spindle, wireholding means on said support and on said k.spindle for twisting` wirestherebetween, a (5? switch for passing current through saidelectromagnetic means to start rotation of said spindle, and a secondswitch operated by said carriage for stopping said current.

5. in a machine for making twisted brushes I0? having a bed, a twistingspindle, means to rotate said spindle7 a carriage on said bed, wireholdingmeans on said spindle and on said carriage for twisting wiresabout each other between said holding means by the rotation or" saidspindle, said carriage being moved towards said spindle by the twistingof said wires, brush material between said wires, means drawing,- saidcarriage normally awa-y from said spindle and means to hold said car-203 riage stationary when twisted wires are removed from said holdingmeans and a gauge to indicate the initial position of said brushmaterial from each of said Wire holdingmeans. 6.v ln a machine of thekind described a pair of p rallel guides a wire support movably mountedon said guides, a twisting?,l spins dle parallel to said guides at oneend thereof electrically operated means for rotating said spindle, meansfor holding a wire loop on said spindle and means for clampingI wires onsaid support in alinement with each other for twistingr wires betweensaid clamping means and said spindle, means for locking i said wiresupport to said guides, tension means for stretching the wires duringthe twisting' operation permitting said carriage to travel towards saidspindle, means holding said carriage against reversal of its move- 40`-nient, an operators switch for starting said electric operation and alimit switch for stopping said operation independently of the operator.

" ln a machine of the kind described a bed,

l. T a twisting spindle at one end of said bed,

electric means to rotate said spindle, a carriage mounted on said bed totravel towards said spindle by twisting wires fastened to said carriageand rotated by said spindle, a i switch controlled by the operator tostart rotation ot" said spindle and a second switch to stop saidrotation and means on said carriage to operate said second switch whensaid car- 'iagze has travelled a predetermined distance. Signed atBrooklyn, in the county of Kings and State ot New Yorlr this 24th day ofApril HARRY HERTZBERG.

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